Sustainability of Digital Formats: Planning for Library of Congress Collections

A

• AAF
• AAF_1_1, Advanced Authoring Format (AAF), Version 1.1
• AAC
• AAC_MP2, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-2
• AAC_ADIF, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-2, Audio Data Interchange Format
• AAC_MP4, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-4
• AAC_MP4_LC, AAC (MPEG-4) Low Complexity Object
• MP4_FF_2_AAC, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with Advanced Audio Coding
• QTA_AAC, QuickTime Audio, AAC Codec
• AC-3
• AC-3_A, AC-3 Compressed Audio (Dolby Digital), Revision A
• ACCDB
• ACCDB_family, Microsoft Access ACCDB File Format Family
• ADRG
• ADRG, Arc Digitized Raster Graphic (ADRG)
• Adobe Photoshop Family (PSD, PSB)
• Adobe_Photoshop_Family, Adobe Photoshop File Format Family
• AES3
• AES3, AES3, Digital Audio Interface Format
• AES3_SMPTE, AES3 Digital Audio Interface, SMPTE Extensions
• AFF
• AFF_1_0, Advanced Forensic Format Disk Image, AFF Version 1.0
• AFF_4, Advanced Forensic Framework 4, AFF 4
• AIFF
• AIFF, Audio Interchange File Format
• AIFF_LPCM, AIFF File Format with LPCM Audio
• A-Law
• A-Law, A-Law Compressed Sound Format
• AMR
• AMR, Adaptive Multi-Rate Speech Codec
• AMR-WB, Adaptive Multi-Rate - Wideband Speech Codec
• AMR-WB+, Extended Adaptive Multi-Rate - Wideband Speech Codec
• Apple ProRes
• Apple_ProRes_422_Codec_Family, Apple ProRes 422 Codec Family
• Apple_ProRes_422_HQ, Apple ProRes 422 HQ
• Apple_ProRes_422, Apple ProRes 422
• Apple_ProRes_422_LT, Apple ProRes 422 LT
• Apple_ProRes_422_Proxy, Apple ProRes 422 Proxy
• Apple_ProRes_4444_Codec_Family, Apple ProRes 4444 Codec Family
• Apple_ProRes_RAW_Codec_Family, Apple ProRes RAW Codec Family
• ARC_IA
• ARC_IA, Internet Archive ARC file format
• ArcInfo_Coverage
• ArcInfo_Coverage, ESRI ArcInfo Coverage
• ASF
• ASF, Advanced Systems Format
• AudCom
• AudCom, Audible.Com File Format
• AudCom_MP3, Audible.Com MP3
• AVC (Advanced Video Coding)
• MPEG-4_AVC, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding (Part 10) (H.264)
• AVI
• AVI, AVI (Audio Video Interleaved) File Format
• AVI_OpenDML_1_02, AVI File Format with OpenDML Extensions, Version 1.02
• AVI_FFV1, AVI OpenDML with FFV1 Codec
• AVI_MJPEG, AVI OpenDML with MJPEG Codec
• AVI_Indeo, AVI with Indeo Codec
• AVI_Cinepak, AVI with Cinepak Codec
• AVI_DivX, AVI with DivX Codec
• AVI_V210, AVI OpenDML with V210 Encoding
• AVI_UYVY, AVI OpenDML with UYVY Encoding
• AVI_YUY2, AVI OpenDML with YUY2 Encoding
• AW
• AW, Hewlett Packard AdvanceWrite Text File

B

• BigTIFF
• BigTIFF
• BIIF
• BIIF, Basic Image Interchange Format
• BIL
• BIL_enc, Band Interleaved by Line (BIL) Encoding
• BIL_file, Band Interleaved by Line (BIL) Image File
• BIP
• BIP_enc, Band Interleaved by Pixel (BIP) Encoding
• BIP_file, Band Interleaved by Pixel (BIP) Image File
• BITS
• BITS_2, BITS (Book Interchange Tag Suite), version 2.0
• BMP
• BMP_5, Bitmap Image File (BMP), Version 5
• BSQ
• BSQ_enc, Band Sequential (BSQ) Encoding
• BSQ_file, Band SeQuential (BSQ) Image File
• BWF
• WAVE_BWF_1, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 1
• WAVE_BWF_2, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 2
• WAVE_BWF_LPCM_1, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 1, with LPCM Audio
• WAVE_BWF_LPCM_2, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 2, with LPCM Audio

C

• CAM_RAW
• CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)

• CCA
• CCA, cc:Mail Archive Email Format

• CDF
• CDF, Common Data Format (datasets)

• CGM
• CGM Family, Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) File Format Family
• Cinepak
• Cinepak, video codec
• CPC
• CPC, Cartesian Perceptual Compression Encoding (CPC)
• CR2
• CR2 included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• CRW
• CRW included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• CSS
• CSS, Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) File Format
• CSV
• CSV_strict, Comma Separated Values (RFC 4180)

D

• DBF
• DBF, dBASE Table File Format
• DCI (Digital Cinema Initiative)
• DCDM_1_0, Digital Cinema Initiative Distribution Master (DCDM), Version 1.0
• DCP_1_0, Digital Cinema Initiative Package (DCP), Version 1.0
• DCR
• DCR included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• DEM
• DEM, Digital Elevation Model
• DivX
• DivX_5, Version 5 (video codec)
• DLS
• DLS_1_1b, Downloadable Sounds Format, Version 1.1b
• DNG
• DNG_1_1, Adobe Digital Negative (DNG), Version 1.1
• DOC
• MS-DOC, Microsoft Office Word 97-2003 Binary File Format (.doc)
• DOCX
• DOCX/OOXML_2012, DOCX Transitional (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• DOCX/OOXML_Strict_2012, DOCX Strict (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 2-5
• DOQ
• DOQ, Digital Orthophotos (DOQ & DOQQ)
• DPX
• DPX_2, Digital Moving-Picture Exchange (DPX), Version 2.0
• DRG
• DRG_as_TIFF, Digital Raster Graphic as TIFF
• DSD
• DSD, One-bit Delta Sigma Audio Encoding (DSD)
• DSDIFF, Direct Stream Digital Interchange File Format, Version 1.5
• DTA (Stata)
• Stata_dta_118, Stata Data File Format (.dta), Version 118
• DTB
• DTB_2002, DTB (Digital Talking Book), 2002
• DTB_2002_NLS, DTB (Digital Talking Book), NLS Extension for AMR-WB+ Speech Codec
• DTB_2005, DTB (Digital Talking Book), 2005
• DTS
• DTS, Digital Theater Systems Audio Formats
• DV
• DV, Digital Video Encoding (DV, DVCAM, DVCPRO)
• DV-DIF, DV-DIF (Digital Video Digital Interface Format)
• DWG
• DWG_Family, DWG (AutoCAD Drawing) Format Family
• DXF
• DXF_ASCII_Family, DXF (AutoCAD Drawing Interchange Format) Family, ASCII variant

E

• E00
• E00, ESRI ArcInfo interchange file (E00)
• EBML
• EBML, Extensible Binary Meta Language
• ECMAScript
• ECMAScript, ECMAScript Language (ECMA-262), including JavaScript
• EML
• EML, Email (Electronic Mail Format)
• EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)
• EPS_3, Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) File Format, Version 3.x
• EPUB
• EPUB_family, EPUB, Electronic Publication File Format Family
• EPUB_2, EPUB, Electronic Publication, Version 2
• EPUB_3_0, EPUB, Electronic Publication, Version 3.0 (2011). ISO/IEC TS 30135:2014
• EPUB_3_0_1, EPUB, Electronic Publication, Version 3.0.1 (2014). ISO/IEC 23736:2020
• EPUB_3_2, EPUB, Electronic Publication, Version 3.2
• EPUB_pres, EPUB (Electronic Publication) Version 3 Preservation. ISO/IEC TS 22424:2020
• ERDAS IMAGINE (IMG)
• ERDAS_IMG, ERDAS IMAGINE (IMG) Format
• ESRI
• ArcInfo_Coverage, ESRI ArcInfo Coverage
• E00, ESRI ArcInfo interchange file (E00)
• ESRI_grid, ESRI ArcInfo Grid (binary)
• ESRI_ASCII_grid, ESRI ArcInfo ASCII Grid
• ESRI_GridFloat, ESRI GridFloat Output File
• ESRI_shape, ESRI Shapefile
• ESRI_world, ESRI World File
• GeoDB_family, ESRI Arc Geodatabase Format Family
• GeoDB_file, ESRI Geodatabase (File-based)
• GeoDB_SDE, ESRI Geodatabase ArcSDE
• GeoDB_XML, ESRI Geodatabase XML
• Shape_DBF, dBase Table for ESRI Shapefile (DBF)
• EWF
• EWF_Family, Expert Witness Disk Image Format (EWF) Family
• EWF_SMART, Expert Witness Disk Image, ARS SMART
• EWF_E01, Expert Witness Disk Image, EnCase E01 Bitstream
• EWF_L01, Expert Witness Disk Image, EnCase L01 Logical
• EWF_Ex01, Expert Witness Disk Image, EnCase Ex01 Bitstream
• EWF_Lx01, Expert Witness Disk Image, EnCase Lx01 Logical
• Exif
• Exif 2.2, Exif Exchangeable Image File Format, Version 2.2
• EXPRESS
• EXPRESS, EXPRESS data modeling language, ISO 10303-11

F

• FITS , Flexible Image Transport System
• FITS_3, FITS, Version 3.0
• FLAC
• FLAC_1_1_2, FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Version 1.1.2
• Flash (SWF, FLA, FLV)
• SWF_7, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 7
• SWF_8, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 8
• FLA, Macromedia Flash FLA Project File Format
• FLV, Macromedia Flash FLV Video File Format
• FFV1
• FFV1_v0-1-3, FF Video Codec 1, Version 0, 1 and 3

G

• GeoDB
• GeoDB_family, ESRI Arc Geodatabase Format Family
• GeoDB_file, ESRI Geodatabase (File-based)
• GeoDB_SDE, ESRI Geodatabase ArcSDE
• GeoDB_XML, ESRI Geodatabase XML
• GeoJSON
• GeoJSON_1_0, GeoJSON, Version 1.0
• GeoPackage
• GeoPackage_family, GeoPackage Encoding Standard (OGC) Format Family
• GeoPackage_1_0, GeoPackage Encoding Standard (OGC), Version 1.0
• GeoPDF
• GeoPDF_file, GeoPDF File Format (TerraGo)
• GeoPDF_OGC, GeoPDF Encoding (TerraGo 2.2), OGC Best Practice
• Another PDF variant with embedded geospatial encoding is PDF_1_7_geospatial, PDF, Version 1.7, ExtensionLevel 3, Geospatial Encoding (Adobe)
• GeoTIFF
• GeoTIFF, GeoTIFF Revision 1.0
• GIF
• GIF_89a, Graphics Interchange Format, Version 89a
• glTF
• glTF_family, glTF (GL Transmission Format) Family
• glTF_2_0, glTF (GL Transmission Format), version 2.0
• GML
• GML, Geography Markup Language
• GMLJP2, GML in JPEG 2000 for Geographic Imagery
• GridFloat
• ESRI_GridFloat, ESRI GridFloat Output File

H

• H.26n ITU-T video encoding standards
• H.261, see MPEG-1, MPEG-1 Video Coding
• H.262, see MPEG-2, MPEG-2 Video Coding
• H.263, see MPEG-4_V, MPEG-4, Visual Coding (Part 2)
• H.264, see MPEG-4_AVC, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding (Part 10)
• H.265, see HEVC, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Family, H.265, MPEG-H Part 2
• hCalendar
• hCalendar, HTML Electronic Calendar and Scheduling Format
• HDF, Hierarchical Data Format
• HDF4, Hierarchical Data Format, Version 4 and earlier
• HDF4map, HDF4 File Content Map
• HDF5, Hierarchical Data Format, Version 5
• HDF-EOS
• HDF-EOS, Hierarchical Data Format-Earth Observing System (based on HDF4)
• HD Photo
• WMP_1_0, HD Photo, Version 1.0 (Windows Media Photo)
• HEIF, High Efficiency Image File Format
• HEIF, High Efficiency Image File Format, MPEG-H Part 12
• HEIF_HEIC, High Efficiency Image File (HEIF) Format, HEIC/HEIX brands
• HEVC, High Efficiency Video Coding
• HEVC, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Family, H.265, MPEG-H Part 2
• HTML
• HTML_family, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) Format Family
• HTML_early, HyperText Markup Language (HTML), versions prior to 2.0
• HTML_2_0, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) 2.0
• HTML_3_2, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) 3.2
• HTML_4_0, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) 4.0
• HTML_4_01, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) 4.01
• HTML_5, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) 5
• HyperCard Stack
• HyperCard_Stack, HyperCard Stack File Format

I

• I3S
• See SLPK, SLPK Scene Layer Package (for I3S layers)
• iCal
• iCal, iCalendar Electronic Calendar and Scheduling Format
• ID3
• ID3, ID3 Metadata for MP3
• ID3v1, ID3, version 1
• ID3v2, ID3, version 2
• IFC
• IFC-SPF, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), Clear Text Family
• IFF
• IFF, Electronic Arts Interchange File Format 1985
• IMF
• IMF, Internet Message Format
• IMG (ERDAS IMAGINE)
• ERDAS_IMG, ERDAS IMAGINE (IMG) Format
• Indeo
• Indeo_3, Version 3 (video codec)
• Indeo_5, Version 5 (video codec)
• ISO
• ISO_8211, ISO/IEC 8211 Data Descriptive File (DDF)
• ISO_BMFF, ISO Base Media File Format
• ISO_image, ISO Disk Image File Format
• ITU_G4
• ITU_G4, ITU-T Group 4 FAX Compression

J

• JATS
• JATS_1, JATS, Journal Article Tag Suite, NISO Z39.96, Versions 1.x
• JavaScript
• JavaScript, see ECMAScript, ECMAScript Language (ECMA-262), including JavaScript
• JPEG
• JPEG, JPEG Image Encoding Family
• JPEG_DCT_BL, JPEG DCT Compression Encoding, Baseline
• JPEG_DCT_PRG, JPEG DCT Compression Encoding, Progressive
• JPEG_DCT_EXT, JPEG DCT Compression Encoding, Extensions
• JPEG_orig_LL, JPEG Original Lossless Compression (ISO/IEC 10918)
• JPEG-LS, JPEG Lossless Compression(ISO/IEC 14995)
• JFIF_1_02, JPEG File Interchange Format, Version 1.02
• SPIFF, Still Picture Interchange Format
• JPEG_EXIF, JPEG Encoded File with Exif Metadata
• JPEG 2000 Encodings
• J2K_C, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding System
• J2K_C_LL, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossless Compression
• J2K_C_LSY, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossy Compression
• J2K_C_Profile_0, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 0
• J2K_C_Profile_1, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 1
• J2K_C_Profile_3, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 3
• J2K_C_Profile_4, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 4
• J2K_C_BIIF_01_00, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, BIIF Profile (v. 01.00)
• J2K_C_NDNP, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, NDNP Profile
• J2K_EXT, JPEG 2000 Part 2, Coding Extensions
• JPEG 2000 File Formats
• JP2_FF, JPEG 2000 Part 1 (Core) jp2 File Format
• JPX_FF, JPEG 2000 Part 2 (Extensions) jpf File Format
• JPM_FF, JPEG 2000 Part 6 (Compound) jpm File Format
• JPEG 2000 File Formats with Encoded Bitstreams
• JP2_J2K_C_LL, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Lossless
• JP2_J2K_C_LSY, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Lossy
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_0, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 0
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_1, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 1
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_3, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 3
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_4, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 4
• JP2_J2K_C_BIFF_01_00, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, BIIF Profile (v. 01.00)
• JP2_J2K_C_NDNP, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, NDNP Profile
• JPEG XL
• JPEG_XL, JPEG XL Image Encoding
• JXL, JPEG XL File Format
• JPEG XR
• JPEG_XR, JPEG XR Image Encoding
• JXR, JPEG XR File Format
• JPEG XS
• JPEG_XS, JPEG XS Encoding
• JXS, JPEG XS File Format
• JSON
• JSON, JSON (Javascript Object Notation)

K

• KDC
• KDC included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• KML
• KML_2_2, Version 2.2
• KMZ, KML Zipped

L

• LAS
• LAS_1_4, LAS (LASer) File Format, Version 1.4
• LPCM
• LPCM, Linear Pulse Code Modulated Audio
• LZW
• LZW, LZW Compression Encoding

M

• MapInfo
• MapInfo, MapInfo Dataset Format
• MapInfo_DAT, MapInfo Data File
• MATLAB
• MAT-file_5, MAT-File Level 5 File Format
• Matroska
• Matroska, Matroska Multimedia Container
• Matroska_AAC, Matroska File Format with Advanced Audio Codec (AAC) Audio Encoding
• Matroska_AVC, Matroska File Format with MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding (Part 10) (H.264)
• Matroska_FFV1, Matroska File Format with FFV1 Video Encoding
• Matroska_LPCM, Matroska File Format with LPCM Audio Encoding
• Matroska_MP3, Matroska File Format with MP3 Audio Encoding
• Matroska_MPEG-2, Matroska File Format with MPEG-2 Video Encoding (H.262)
• Matroska_V210, Matroska File Format with V210 Video Encoding
• Matroska_UYVY, Matroska File Format with UYVY Video Encoding
• Matroska_YUY2, Matroska File Format with YUY2 Video Encoding
• MBOX Family
• MBOX, MBOX Email Format
• MBOXO, MBOXO Email Format
• MBOXRD, MBOXRD Email Format
• MBOXCL, MBOXCL Email Format
• MBOXCL2, MBOXCL2 Email Format
• MCE
• MCE/OOXML_2012, Markup Compatibility and Extensibility (Office Open XML), ISO 29500-3:2008-2015, ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• MDB
• MDB_family, Microsoft Access MDB File Format Family
• MEI
• MEI_family, Music Encoding Initiative File Format Family
• Microsoft Access
• MDB_family, Microsoft Access MDB File Format Family
• ACCDB_family, Microsoft Access ACCDB File Format Family
• Microsoft CFB
• CFB_3, Microsoft Compound File Binary File Format, Version 3
• CFB_4, Microsoft Compound File Binary File Format, Version 4
• Microsoft Office Binary File Formats
• MS-DOC, Microsoft Office Word 97-2003 Binary File Format (.doc)
• MS-PPT, Microsoft Office Powerpoint 97-2003 Binary File Format (.ppt)
• MS-XLS, Microsoft Office Excel 97-2003 Binary File Format (.xls, BIFF8)
• MS-XLSB, Microsoft Excel Binary (XLSB) Format (option in Excel 2007 and later)
• Microsoft XPS
• MS-XPS, Microsoft XML Paper Specification, (.xps)
• MIDI
• MIDI_SD, MIDI Sequence Data
• MJPEG
• MJPEG, Motion JPEG
• MOBI
• MOBI, Mobipocket File Format
• MODS
• MODS, Module Music Format (Mods)
• MP2
• MPEG_layer_2_audio, MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Layer II Audio Encoding
• MP3
• MP3_ENC, MP3 Encoding (MPEG Layer III Audio Encoding)
• MP3_FF, MP3 File Format
• MPEG-H
• HEIF, High Efficiency Image File (HEIF) Format, MPEG-H Part 12
• HEIF_HEIC, High Efficiency Image File (HEIF) Format, HEIC/HEIX brands
• HEVC, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Family, H.265, MPEG-H Part 2
• MPEG-1
• MPEG-1, MPEG-1 Video Coding (H.261)
• MP3_ENC, MP3 Encoding (MPEG Layer III Audio Encoding)
• MPEG-2
• MPEG-2_family, MPEG-2 Encoding Family
• MPEG-2, MPEG-2 Video Coding (H.262)
• MPEG-2_SP, MPEG-2, Simple Profile
• MPEG-2_MP, MPEG-2, Main Profile
• MPEG-2_MP_layer_2, MPEG-2 File with Main Profile Video and Layer II Audio Encoding
• MPEG-2_422, MPEG-2, 4:2:2 Profile
• MPEG-2_422_layer 2, MPEG-2 File with 422 Video and Layer II Audio Encoding
• MP3_ENC, MP3 Encoding (MPEG Layer III Audio Encoding)
• MPEG-4 Video Encodings
• MPEG-4_V, MPEG-4, Visual Coding (Part 2) (H.263)
• MPEG-4_V_ASP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Advanced Simple Profile
• MPEG-4_V_CP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Core Profile
• MPEG-4_V_MP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Main Profile
• MPEG-4_V_SP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Simple Profile
• MPEG-4_V_SSP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Simple Scalable Profile
• MPEG-4_V_SStP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Simple Studio Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding (Part 10) (H.264)
• MPEG-4_AVC_BP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Baseline Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_EP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Extended Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_MP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Main Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_HP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_H10P, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High 10 Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_H422P, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High 4:2:2 Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_H444P, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High 4:4:4 Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_EXT, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Non-FRExt Extensions
• MPEG-4 Audio Encodings
• AAC_MP4, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-4
• AAC_MP4_LC, AAC (MPEG-4) Low Complexity Object
• MPEG-4 File Formats
• MP4_FF_1, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 1
• MP4_FF_2, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 2
• MP4_FF_AVCE, MPEG-4 File Format for AVC (Extensions; Part 15)
• MPEG-4 File Formats with Encoded Bitstreams
• MP4_FF_2_V, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 2, with Visual Coding
• MP4_FF_2_AVC, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 2, with Advanced Video Coding
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_BP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, Baseline Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_MP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, Main Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_EP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, Extended Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_HP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_H10P, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High 10 Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_H422P, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High 4:2:2 Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_H444P, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High 4:4:4 Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AAC, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with Advanced Audio Coding
• MP4_FF_AVCE_AVCE, MPEG-4 File Format for AVC (Ext), with Non-FRExt Extended AVC Coding
• MPEG-4 Textual Format
• MP4_XMT, MPEG-4 eXtensible MPEG-4 Textual Format (XMT)
• MrSID
• MrSID_MG2, MrSID Image Format, Generation 2
• MrSID_MG3, MrSID Image Format, Generation 3
• µ-Law (Mu-Law)
• µ-Law, µ-Law (Mu-Law) Compressed Sound Format
• MRW
• MRW included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• MSG
• MSG, Microsoft Outlook Item
• MTL
• MTL, Wavefront Material Template Library (MTL) File Format
• MusicXML
• MusicXML_family, MusicXML File Format Family
• MusicXML_3_0, MusicXML, Version 3.0
• MusicXML_3_1, MusicXML, Version 3.1
• MXF
• MXF, Material Exchange Format (MXF)
• MXF_GC, MXF Format Generic Container
• MXF_GC_UNC, MXF Format Generic Container Mapped to Uncompressed Images
• MXF_GC_UNC_V210, MXF Format Generic Container with Uncompressed Video Essence V210
• MXF_GC_UNC_UYVY, MXF Format Generic Container with Uncompressed Video Essence UYVY (2vuy)
• MXF_GC_UNC_YUY2, MXF Format Generic Container with Uncompressed Video Essence YUY2 (yuv2)
• MXF_OP-Atom, MXF Operational Pattern Atom (OP-Atom)
• MXF_OP1a, MXF Operational Pattern 1a (OP1a)

N

• NCBI/NLM
• NCBIArch_1, NCBI/NLM Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD, version 1.x
• NCBIArch_2, NCBI/NLM Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD, version 2.x
• NCBIArch_3, NCBI/NLM Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD, version 3.0
• NEF
• NEF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• NetCDF
• NetCDF-3, Network Common Data Form, version 3
• NetCDF-4, Network Common Data Form, Version 4
• NetCDF-4C, Network Common Data Form, Version 4, Classic Model
• NewsML_1
• NewsML_1, NewsML (News Markup Language), version 1
• NITF
• NITF, News Industry Text Format
• NLAPS
• NLAPS, NLAPS Data Format (NDF)
• NLM DTD
• See NCBIArch_1, NCBI/NLM Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD, version 1.x
• NSF
• NSF, Lotus Notes Storage Facility

O

• OBJ
• OBJ, Wavefront OBJ File Format
• ODF
• ODF_Family, ODF (OpenDocument Format) Family, OASIS and ISO/IEC 26300
• ODF_package_1_1, OpenDocument Package Format, ODF 1.1, ISO/IEC 26300:2006
• ODF_package_1_2, OpenDocument Package Format, ODF 1.2 part 3; ISO/IEC 26300-3:2015
• ODF_chart_1_2, OpenDocument Chart Format (ODC), ODF 1.2, ISO/IEC 26300-1:2015
• ODF_dbfront_1_2, OpenDocument Database Front End Format (ODB), ODF 1.2, ISO/IEC 26300-1:2015
• ODF_draw_1_2, OpenDocument Drawing Format (ODG), ODF 1.2, ISO/IEC 26300-1:2015
• ODF_presentation_1_2, OpenDocument Presentation Format (ODP), ODF 1.2, ISO/IEC 26300-1:2015
• ODF_spreadsheet_1_1, OpenDocument Spreadsheet Format (ODS), Version 1.1, ISO 26300:2006
• ODF_spreadsheet_1_2, OpenDocument Spreadsheet Format (ODS), Version 1.2, ISO 26300:2015
• ODF_text_1_1, OpenDocument Text Format (ODT), ODF 1.1, ISO/IEC 26300:2006
• ODF_text_1_2, OpenDocument Text Format (ODT), ODF 1.2, ISO/IEC 26300-1:2015
• OEBPS
• OEBPS_1_0, Open eBook Forum Publication Structure 1.0.1
• OEBPS_1_2, Open eBook Forum Publication Structure 1.2
• Ogg
• Ogg, Ogg File Format
• Ogg_Vorbis, Ogg Vorbis Audio Format
• Ogg_FLAC_1_0, Ogg FLAC Audio Format, Version 1.0
• Ogg_SPX, Ogg Speex Audio Format
• ONIX for Books
• ONIX for Books, ONIX (ONline Information eXchange) for Books
• OOXML
• OOXML_Family, OOXML Format Family -- ISO/IEC 29500 and ECMA 376
• OPC/OOXML_2012, Open Packaging Conventions (Office Open XML), ISO 29500-2:2008-2012
• DOCX/OOXML_2012, DOCX Transitional (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• DOCX/OOXML_Strict_2012, DOCX Strict (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 2-5
• PPTX/OOXML_2012, PPTX Transitional (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• PPTX/OOXML_Strict_2012, PPTX Strict (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 2-5
• XLSX/OOXML_2012, XLSX Transitional (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• XLSX/OOXML_Strict_2012, XLSX Strict (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 2-5
• MCE/OOXML_2012, Markup Compatibility and Extensibility (Office Open XML), ISO 29500-3:2008-2015, ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• OPC
• OPC/OOXML_2012, Open Packaging Conventions (Office Open XML), ISO 29500-2:2008-2012
• OpenXPS
• OpenXPS, Open XML Paper Specification, ECMA-388 (.oxps)
• ORF
• ORF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)

P

• PCM
• PCM, Pulse Code Modulated Audio
• PDF
• PDF_family, PDF (Portable Document Format) Family
• PDF_1_3, PDF, Versions 1.0-1.3
• PDF_1_4, PDF, Version 1.4
• PDF_1_5, PDF, Version 1.5
• PDF_1_6, PDF, Version 1.6
• PDF_1_7, PDF, Version 1.7, (ISO 32000-1: 2008)
• PDF_1_7_ext03, PDF, Version 1.7, ExtensionLevel 3
• PDF_1_7_geospatial, PDF, Version 1.7, ExtensionLevel 3, Geospatial Encoding (Adobe)
• PDF_1_7_ext05, PDF, Version 1.7, ExtensionLevel 5
• PDF_2_0, PDF, Version 2.0, (ISO 32000-2: 2017)
• PDF/A_family, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Family
• PDF/A-1, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of PDF 1.4
• PDF/A-1a, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of PDF 1.4, Level A Conformance
• PDF/A-1b, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of PDF 1.4, Level B Conformance
• PDF/A-2, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF 1.7)
• PDF/A-2a, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF 1.7), Level A Conformance
• PDF/A-2u, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF 1.7), Level U Conformance
• PDF/A-2b, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF 1.7), Level B Conformance
• PDF/A-3, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of ISO 32000-1, With Embedded Files
• PDF/A-4, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Use of ISO 32000-2 (PDF 2.0)
• PDF/E-1, PDF Engineering Document Format, Use of PDF 1.6
• PDF/R-1, PDF for Raster Image Transport and Storage. Based on PDF 1.4-1.7 (ISO 32000-1)
• PDF/R-1_enc, PDF for Raster Image Transport and Storage. Encrypted, based on PDF 2.0 (ISO 32000-2)
• PDF/UA-1, PDF Enhancement for Accessibility, Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF 1.7)
• PDF/X_family, PDF/X Format Family (PDF for Prepress Graphics File Exchange)
• GeoPDF_file, GeoPDF File Format (TerraGo)
• GeoPDF_OGC, GeoPDF Encoding (TerraGo 2.2), OGC Best Practice
• PEF
• PEF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• PFC
• PFC, AOL Personal Filing Cabinet
• PLY
• PLY, Polygon File Format Family
• PNG
• PNG, Portable Network Graphics
• PostScript
• PostScript_family, PostScript Format Family
• EPS_3, Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) File Format, Version 3.x
• PPT
• MS-PPT, Microsoft Office Powerpoint 97-2003 Binary File Format (.ppt)
• PPTX
• PPTX/OOXML_2012, PPTX Transitional (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• PPTX/OOXML_Strict_2012, PPTX Strict (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 2-5
• PRC
• PRC, Product Representation Compact (PRC) File Format
• ProRes
• See Apple_ProRes_422_Codec_Family, Apple ProRes 422 Codec Family
• See Apple_ProRes_422_HQ, Apple ProRes 422 HQ
• See Apple_ProRes_422, Apple ProRes 422
• See Apple_ProRes_422_LT, Apple ProRes 422 LT
• See Apple_ProRes_422_Proxy, Apple ProRes 422 Proxy
• See Apple_ProRes_4444_Codec_Family, Apple ProRes 4444 Codec Family
• See Apple_ProRes_RAW_Codec_Family, Apple ProRes RAW Codec Family
• PSB (Adobe Photoshop Large Document)
• Adobe_Photoshop_Family, Adobe Photoshop File Format Family
• PSD (Adobe Photoshop Document)
• Adobe_Photoshop_Family, Adobe Photoshop File Format Family
• PST
• PST_ANSI, Microsoft Outlook 97-2002 Personal Folders File (ANSI)
• PST_Unicode, Microsoft Outlook 2003 Personal Folders File (Unicode)
• PTM
• PTM, Polynomial Texture Map (PTM) File Format

Q

• QuickTime
• QuickTime, QuickTime File Format
• QTA_MP3, QuickTime Audio, MP3 Codec
• QTA_AAC, QuickTime Audio, AAC Codec
• QTV_Apple, QuickTime Video, Apple Codec
• QTV_AppleProRes422, QuickTime Video, Apple ProRes 422 Codec Family
• QTV_AppleProRes4444, QuickTime Video, Apple ProRes 4444 Codec Family
• QTV_AppleProResRAW, QuickTime Video, Apple ProRes RAW Codec Family
• QTV_Cinepak, QuickTime Video, Cinepak Codec
• QTV_Sorenson, QuickTime Video, Sorenson Codec
• QTV_MJPEG, QuickTime Video, Motion JPEG Codec
• QTV_MPEG, QuickTime Video, MPEG-1 Codec
• QTV_V210, QuickTime File Format with V210 Video Encoding
• QTV_UYVY, QuickTime File Format with UYVY (2vuy) Video Encoding
• QTV_YUY2, QuickTime File Format with YUY2 (yuv2) Video Encoding

R

• R Data (statistics)
• RData_family, R Data Format Family (.rdata, .rda)
• RAF
• RAF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• RAR
• RAR_Family, RAR Archive File Format Family
• RAR2, RAR Archive File Format, Version 2
• RAR3, RAR Archive File Format, Version 3
• RAR4, RAR Archive File Format, Version 4
• RAR5, RAR Archive File Format, Version 5
• RData (statistics)
• RData_family, R Data Format Family (.rdata, .rda)
• RealMedia
• RealAudio_10, Version 10
• RealAudio_RA, RealAudio Codec
• RealAudio_AAC, AAC Codec
• RealAudio_LL, Lossless Codec
• RealAudio_MC, Multichannel Codec
• RealVideo_10, Version 10
• RIFF
• RIFF, Resource Interchange File Format
• RMID
• RMID, RIFF-based MIDI File Format
• RPF
• RPF, Raster Product Format
• RTF
• RTF, Rich Text Format (RTF) Family
• RTI
• RTI, Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) File Format

S

• 7z
• 7z, 7z File Format
• SAS (XPORT)
• SAS_xport_family, SAS Transport File Format (XPORT) Family
• SAS_xport_5, SAS Version 5 Transport File Format (XPORT)
• SAS_xport_8, SAS Version 8 Transport File Format (XPORT)
• SDTS
• SDTS, Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)
• SDTS_TVP, Spatial Data Transfer Standard - Topological Vector Profile
• SGML
• SGML, Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). ISO 8879:1986
• Shapefile
• ESRI_shape, ESRI Shapefile
• SHN
• SHN, Shorten Lossless Audio Format
• SIARD
• SIARD_1_0, SIARD (Software Independent Archiving of Relational Databases) Version 1.0
• SLPK
• SLPK, SLPK Scene Layer Package (for I3S layers)
• SMF MIDI
• SMF, Standard MIDI File Format
• SMS
• SMS, Short Message Service (SMS) Message Format
• Sorenson
• Sorenson_3, Version 3 (video codec)
• SPIFF
• SPIFF, Still Picture Interchange Format
• SPSS
• SPSS_por_ASCII, SPSS Portable File, ASCII encoding (.por)
• SPSS_sav_family, SPSS System Data File Format Family (.sav)
• SPX
• SPX_1_2, Speex Audio Codec, Version 1.2
• SQLite
• SQLite_3, SQLite, Version 3
• SRF
• SRF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• Stata
• Stata_dta_118, Stata Data File Format (.dta), Version 118
• STEP (ISO 10303)
• STEP-file, STEP-file, ISO 10303-21
• STL
• STL_family, STL (STereoLithography) File Format Family
• STL_ASCII, STL (STereoLithography) File Format, ASCII
• STL_binary, STL (STereoLithography) File Format, binary
• SVG
• SVG_family, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) File Format Family
• SVG_1_1, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), Version 1.1
• SVG_Tiny_1_2, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) Tiny, Version 1.2
• SVG_2, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), Version 2
• SWF
• SWF_7, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 7
• SWF_8, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 8

T

• Tar
• Tar, Tape Archive (tar) File Format Family
• TGA
• TGA_1, Truevision TGA, version 1.0
• TGA_2, Truevision TGA, version 2.0
• TIFF
• TIFF_6, Revision 6.0
• TIFF_G4, TIFF Bitmap with Group 4 Compression
• TIFF_LZW, TIFF Bitmap with LZW Compression
• TIFF_PYR, TIFF, Pyramid
• TIFF_UNC, TIFF Uncompressed Bitmap
• TIFF_UNC_EXIF, TIFF Uncompressed File with Exif Metadata
• TIFF/IT, TIFF/IT, for Image Technology (Prepress). (ISO 12369)
• TIFF/EP_1, TIFF/EP, for Electronic Photography (ISO 12334-2:2001)
• BigTIFF, BigTIFF
• DRG_as_TIFF, Digital Raster Graphic as TIFF
• GeoTIFF, GeoTIFF Revision 1.0
• TSV
• TSV, TSV, Tab-Separated Values

U

• U3D
• U3D_family, Universal 3D (U3D) format family. ECMA-363, Editions 1-4
• Uncompressed video encodings
• Vid_Unc_Pix, Uncompressed YCbCr Video Picture Stream Family
• Vid_Unc_Pix_422, Uncompressed YCbCr Video Picture Stream (4:2:2)
• V210, V210 Video Picture Encoding
• UYVY, UYVY Video Picture Encoding
• YUY2, YUY2 Video Picture Encoding
• UYVY
• UYVY, UYVY Video Picture Encoding

V

• V210
• V210, V210 Video Picture Encoding
• VC-1
• VC-1 video codec, see WMV9, Windows Media 9 Video Codec
• Vorbis
• Vorbis, Vorbis Audio Codec
• VPF
• VPF, Vector Product Format
• VSDX
• VSDX, Visio VSDX Drawing File Format

W

• WARC
• WARC, Web ARChive File Format
• WAVE
• WAVE, WAVE Audio File Format
• WAVE_LPCM, WAVE Audio File Format with LPCM Audio
• WAVE_BWF_1, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 1
• WAVE_BWF_2, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 2
• WAVE_BWF_LPCM_1, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 1, with LPCM Audio
• WAVE_BWF_LPCM_2, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format, Version 2, with LPCM Audio
• Wavefront
• OBJ, Wavefront OBJ File Format
• MTL, Wavefront Material Template Library (MTL) File Format
• WebM
• WebM, WebM
• WKT
• WKT, Well-known Text
• X3D
• WM (Windows Media)
• WMA, Windows Media Audio
• WMA_WMA9, Windows Media Audio File with WMA9 Codec
• WMA_WMA9_PRO, Windows Media Audio File with WMA9 Professional Codec
• WMA_WMA9_LL, Windows Media Audio File with WMA9 Lossless Codec
• WMA9, Windows Media 9 Audio Codec
• WMA9_PRO, Windows Media 9 Professional Audio Codec
• WMA9_LL, Windows Media 9 Lossless Audio Codec
• WMP, Windows Media Photo, Version 1.0, see WMP_1_0, HD Photo, Version 1.0
• WMV, Windows Media Video
• WMV_WMV9, Windows Media Video with WMV9 Codec
• WMV_WMV9_PRO, Windows Media Video with WMV9 Professional Codec
• WMV9, Windows Media 9 Video Codec; SMPTE VC-1
• WMV9_PRO, Windows Media 9 Professional Video Codec
• WordStar
• WordStar, WordStar File Format Family

X

• X3D
• X3D_family, Extensible 3D (X3D) File Format Family
• X3F
• X3F included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• XHTML
• XHTML_1_0, Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML), 1.0
• XHTML_1_1, Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML), 1.1
• XLS
• MS-XLS, Microsoft Office Excel 97-2003 Binary File Format (.xls, BIFF8)
• XLSB
• MS-XLSB, Microsoft Excel Binary (XLSB) Format (option in Excel 2007 and later)
• XLSX
• XLSX/OOXML_2012, XLSX Transitional (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 1-5
• XLSX/OOXML_Strict_2012, XLSX Strict (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016; ECMA-376, Editions 2-5
• XMF
• XMF_1_0, XMF, eXtensible Music File Format, Version 1.0
• XML
• XML, XML (Extensible Markup Language)
• XML_1_0, XML (Extensible Markup Language) 1.0
• XML_1_1, XML (Extensible Markup Language) 1.1
• XML_DTD, XML Document Type Definition (DTD)
• XML_Schema_1_0, W3C XML Schema Language 1.0
• XPS
• MS-XPS, Microsoft XML Paper Specification, (.xps)
• OpenXPS, Open XML Paper Specification, ECMA-388 (.oxps)

Y

• YUY2
• YUY2, YUY2 Video Picture Encoding

Z

• ZIP
• ZIP_PK, ZIP file format (PKWARE)
• ZIP_6_2_0, ZIP file format, Version 6.2.0 (PKWARE)
• ZIP_6_3_3, ZIP file format, Version 6.3.3 (PKWARE)
• ZIP_21320_1, Document Container File: Core (based on ZIP 6.3.3)

These descriptions provide information about file formats, file-format classes, bitstream structures and encodings, and the mechanisms used to compress files or bitstreams. Inclusion of a format does not imply that it is preferred or acceptable for Library of Congress collections. Conversely, omission of a format from the list does not imply that it is not preferred or acceptable. Descriptions will be drafted and added over time. Persons with specialized knowledge are encouraged to review and comment on the descriptions using this contact form.